Anne of Bohemia (1290–1313)

Queen consort of Bohemia

Anne of Bohemia
Queen consort of Bohemia
Tenure	1306
Queen consort of Bohemia
Tenure	1307–1310

Born	15 October 1290 Bohemia
Died	3 September 1313(1313-09-03) (aged 22) Ljubljana, Carniola
Spouse	Henry of Bohemia
Dynasty	Přemyslid
Father	Wenceslaus II of Bohemia
Mother	Judith of Habsburg

Anne of Bohemia (15 Oct 1290 – 3 Sep 1313) was the eldest surviving daughter of Wenceslaus II of Bohemia and Poland and his first wife Judith of Habsburg. Her siblings included Elizabeth of Bohemia and Wenceslaus III of Bohemia.^[1]^[2]

Family

Anne was born in 1290 in the Kingdom of Bohemia.^[3] Her mother, Judith, died in 1297 when Anne was seven years old.^[4] Of her mother's ten children, only four of them lived to adulthood: Wenceslaus, Anne, Elizabeth and Margaret.

In 1300 Anne's widowed father, Wenceslaus, remarried a Polish princess called Elizabeth Richenza from the genus Piast dynasty.^[5] Anne's father then gained the Crown of Poland for the next five years (he died in 1305). They had a daughter, Agnes of Bohemia.

Her father also had numerous illegitimate children, including Jan Volek (?? – 27 September 1351), bishop of Olomouc.

Marriage

In 1306 Anne married Henry of Carinthia, a son of Meinhard, Duke of Carinthia and Elisabeth of Bavaria.^[5]

After the murder of Anne's brother, Wenceslaus, in 1306, Anne's husband was elected King of Bohemia and titular King of Poland. However, all power was soon taken over by Rudolf of Habsburg. Anne and Henry then fled to Carinthia out of reach from Rudolph. Rudolph only reigned for one year and on his death Henry assumed the throne of Bohemia again.^[6]

The royal couple turned their attention to Anne's younger unmarried sister Elisabeth. They wished to have her married but Elisabeth refused every suitor that came forward. In 1310 Elisabeth married John of Luxembourg.^[7] This union caused Anne and Elisabeth to fall out. It was said that Elisabeth was more beautiful than Anne and that Anne was jealous of her. ^{[citation needed]}

By 1310 John and Elisabeth occupied Prague; Anne and Henry were sent back to live in Carinthia in exile. She died in 1313 in Ljubljana, the capital of Carniola, then part of her husband's domains.^[8] She was buried in Bolzano, Tyrol. She died aged only twenty two and childless. Her husband married twice more.

Ancestry

Ancestors of Anne of Bohemia (1290–1313)

8. Wenceslaus I of Bohemia

4. Ottokar II of Bohemia

9. Kunigunde of Hohenstaufen

2. Wenceslaus II of Bohemia

10. Rostislav Mikhailovich

5. Kunigunda of Slavonia

11. Anna of Hungary

1. Anne of Bohemia

12. Albert IV, Count of Habsburg

6. Rudolf I of Germany

13. Heilwig of Kiburg

3. Judith of Habsburg

14. Burckhard V, Count of Hohenburg

7. Gertrude of Hohenberg

15. Mechtild of Tübingen

Sources in English

Anne's Bohemia; Czech Literature and Society, 1310–1420, by Alfred Thomas University of Minnesota Press, 1998, Preface by David Wallace

References

^ Anne of Bohemia
^ Ancestors of Anne of Bohemia
^ Verkholantsev, Julia (2014-09-30). The Slavic Letters of St. Jerome: The History of the Legend and Its Legacy, or, How the Translator of the Vulgate Became an Apostle of the Slavs. Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-1-5017-5792-1.
^ Earenfight, Theresa (2017-09-16). Queenship in Medieval Europe. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-137-30392-9.
^ ^a ^b Antonín, Robert (2017-03-06). The Ideal Ruler in Medieval Bohemia. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-34112-8.
^ McKitterick, Rosamond (1995). The New Cambridge Medieval History: Volume 6, C.1300-c.1415. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-36290-0.
^ Geaman, Kristen L. (2022-04-19). Anne of Bohemia. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-000-57958-1.
^ Janez Mlinar, "Janez Vetrinjski in njegovo poznavanje Kranjske v Knjigi resničnih zgodb (Liber certarum historiarum)", Zgodovinski časopis 58 (2004), p. 297

Royal titles
Anne of Bohemia (1290–1313) Přemyslid dynasty Born: 1290 Died: 1313
Preceded by Viola Elisabeth of Cieszyn	Queen consort of Bohemia 1306	Succeeded by Elizabeth Richeza of Poland
Preceded by Elizabeth Richeza of Poland	Queen consort of Bohemia 1307–1310	Succeeded by Elizabeth of Bohemia

Royal consorts of Bohemia

Přemyslid

c. 870–1198 (Duchesses)	Ludmila of Bohemia Drahomíra Biagota Emma of Mělník Božena Judith of Schweinfurt Ida of Wettin Adelaide of Hungary Świętosława of Poland¹ Wirpirk of Tengling Lukarta of Bogen Helbirga of Austria Richeza of Berg Adelaide of Hungary Gertrude of Babenberg Judith of Thuringia¹ Elizabeth of Hungary Elisabeth of Greater Poland Hellicha of Wittelsbach
1198–1306 (Queens)	Adelaide of Meissen Constance of Hungary Kunigunde of Hohenstaufen Margaret of Austria Kunigunda of Halych Judith of Habsburg Elizabeth Richeza of Poland Viola of Teschen

Non-dynastic

1306–1310	Anne of Bohemia Elizabeth Richeza of Poland

Luxembourg

1310–1437	Elizabeth of Bohemia Beatrice of Bourbon Blanche of Valois Anne of Bavaria Anna von Schweidnitz Elizabeth of Pomerania Joanna of Bavaria Sophia of Bavaria Barbara of Cilli

Habsburg

1437–1457	Elizabeth of Luxembourg

Non-dynastic

1457–1471	Joanna of Rožmitál

Jagiellonian

1471–1526	Barbara of Brandenburg Beatrice of Naples Anne of Foix-Candale Mary of Hungary

Habsburg

1526–1780	Anne of Bohemia and Hungary Maria of Austria Anna of Tyrol Elizabeth Stuart Eleonora Gonzaga Maria Anna of Spain Maria Leopoldine of Austria Eleonora Gonzaga Margaret Theresa of Spain Claudia Felicitas of Austria Eleonore Magdalene of Neuburg Wilhelmine Amalie of Brunswick Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Maria Amalia

Habsburg-Lorraine

1780–1918	Maria Luisa of Spain Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily Maria Ludovika of Austria-Este Caroline Augusta of Bavaria Maria Anna of Savoy Elisabeth of Bavaria Zita of Bourbon-Parma