Correlative-based fallacies
Informal fallacies based on correlative conjunctions
In philosophy, correlative-based fallacies are informal fallacies based on correlative conjunctions.
Correlative conjunctions
A correlative conjunction is a relationship between two statements where one must be false and the other true. In formal logic this is known as the exclusive or relationship; traditionally, terms between which this relationship exists have been called contradictories.
Examples
In the following example, statement b explicitly negates statement a:
- Fido is a dog.
- Fido is not a dog.
Statements can also be mutually exclusive, without explicitly negating each other as in the following example:
- Object one is larger than object two.
- Object one is smaller or the same size as object two.
Fallacies
Fallacies based on correlatives include:
- False dilemma or false correlative.
- Here something which is not a correlative is treated as a correlative, excluding some other possibility.
- Denying the correlative
- where an attempt is made to introduce another option into a true correlative.
- Suppressed correlative
- where the definitions of a correlative are changed so that one of the options includes the other, making one option impossible.
See also
- Logical conjunction
- Logical disjunction
References
External links
Correlational fallacy in psychology
- v
- t
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Common fallacies (list)
| In propositional logic |
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|---|---|
| In quantificational logic | |
| Syllogistic fallacy |
| Equivocation | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Question-begging | |||||
| Correlative-based | |||||
| Illicit transference | |||||
| Secundum quid |
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| Faulty generalization | |||||
| Ambiguity | |||||
| Questionable cause |
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| Appeals |
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| Genetic fallacy |
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| Other fallacies of relevance |
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Category
