Esophageal plexus

Esophageal plexus
The tracheobronchial lymph glands. (Esophageal plexus visible at bottom center.)
Course and distribution of the glossopharyngeal, vagus, and accessory nerves.
Details
From	Vagus nerve and sympathetic trunk
To	Esophagus (same fibers make up the cardiac plexus)
Identifiers
Latin	plexus oesophageus
TA98	A14.2.01.173 A14.3.03.015
TA2	6690
FMA	6225
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy [edit on Wikidata]

The esophageal plexus (oesophageal plexus in British-English) is formed by nerve fibers from two sources, branches of the vagus nerve,^[1]^[2] and visceral branches of the sympathetic trunk.^[3]^[4] The esophageal plexus and the cardiac plexus contain the same types of fibers and are both considered thoracic autonomic plexus.

Parasympathetic fibers

The vagus nerve delivers two fiber types to the esophageal plexus:

Parasympathetic preganglionic fibers - These fibers have their cell bodies located in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus and they will synapse on the terminal ganglia in the walls of the esophagus.
Afferent fibers - These fibers are primarily concerned with autonomic reflexes and they have their cell bodies in the inferior ganglion of the vagus.

These vagal fibers in the esophageal plexus reform to make the anterior vagal trunk (left vagus) and the posterior vagal trunk (right vagus).^[1] Anterior and posterior being terms in relation to the esophagus, a mnemonic for which is 'LARP': Left becomes Anterior, Right becomes Posterior.

Sympathetic fibers

The visceral branches of the sympathetic trunk also deliver two fiber types to the esophageal plexus:

Sympathetic postganglionic fibers - The cell bodies of these fibers are located in the sympathetic chain ganglia . The cell bodies of the preganglionic fibers, the first neuron of this two neuron chain, are located in the intermediolateral cell column (IMLCC) of the thoracic spinal cord.
Afferent fibers - These fibers are primarily concerned with pain and have cell bodies located in the dorsal root ganglion.

Additional images

The right sympathetic chain and its connections with the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic plexuses.

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 913 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

^ ^a ^b Rea, Paul (2014-01-01), Rea, Paul (ed.), "Chapter 10 - Vagus Nerve", Clinical Anatomy of the Cranial Nerves, San Diego: Academic Press, pp. 105–116, doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800898-0.00010-5, ISBN 978-0-12-800898-0, retrieved 2020-11-20
^ Benarroch, E. E. (2014-01-01), "Vagus Nerve (Cranial Nerve X)", in Aminoff, Michael J.; Daroff, Robert B. (eds.), Encyclopedia of the Neurological Sciences (Second Edition), Oxford: Academic Press, pp. 589–590, doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-385157-4.00516-9, ISBN 978-0-12-385158-1, retrieved 2020-11-20
^ Longbottom, Jennie (2010-01-01), Longbottom, Jennie (ed.), "6 - The thoracic spine", Acupuncture in Manual Therapy, Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, pp. 93–112, doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-06782-2.00006-2, ISBN 978-0-443-06782-2, retrieved 2020-11-20
^ Gardner, ERNEST D.; Bunge, RICHARD P. (2005-01-01), Dyck, Peter J.; Thomas, P. K. (eds.), "Chapter 2 - Gross Anatomy of the Peripheral Nervous System", Peripheral Neuropathy (Fourth Edition), Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, pp. 11–33, doi:10.1016/b978-0-7216-9491-7.50005-3, ISBN 978-0-7216-9491-7, retrieved 2020-11-20

External links

Anatomy photo:21:11-0105 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Mediastinum: The Esophageal Plexus"

Anatomy of the autonomic nervous system

Head

Sympathetic	Cervical ganglia: roots long ciliary Deep petrosal
Parasympathetic	Ciliary ganglion Roots Short ciliary Pterygopalatine ganglion deep petrosal nerve of pterygoid canal branches of distribution: greater palatine inferior posterior nasal branches lesser palatine nasopalatine medial superior posterior nasal branches pharyngeal Submandibular ganglion Otic ganglion

Neck

Sympathetic	paravertebral ganglia: Cervical ganglia Superior Middle Inferior Stellate ganglion prevertebral plexus: Cavernous plexus Internal carotid

Thorax

Sympathetic	paravertebral ganglia: Thoracic ganglia prevertebral plexus: Cardiac plexus Esophageal plexus Pulmonary plexus Thoracic aortic plexus splanchnic nerves: cardiopulmonary thoracic cardiac nerves: Superior Middle Inferior

Abdomen

Sympathetic	paravertebral ganglia: Lumbar ganglia prevertebral ganglia: Celiac ganglia Aorticorenal Superior mesenteric ganglion Inferior mesenteric ganglion prevertebral plexus: Celiac plexus Hepatic Splenic Pancreatic aorticorenal Abdominal aortic plexus Renal/Suprarenal Superior mesenteric Gastric Inferior mesenteric Spermatic Ovarian Superior hypogastric hypogastric nerve Superior rectal Inferior hypogastric Vesical Prostatic / Cavernous nerves of penis Uterovaginal Middle rectal splanchnic nerves: Lumbar splanchnic nerves
Enteric	Submucous plexus Myenteric plexus

Sympathetic

paravertebral ganglia: Lumbar ganglia

prevertebral plexus:
Celiac plexus

aorticorenal
- Abdominal aortic plexus
- Renal/Suprarenal
Superior mesenteric
- Gastric
Inferior mesenteric
- Spermatic
- Ovarian
Superior hypogastric
- hypogastric nerve
- Superior rectal
Inferior hypogastric
- Vesical
- Prostatic / Cavernous nerves of penis
- Uterovaginal
- Middle rectal

splanchnic nerves: Lumbar splanchnic nerves

Enteric

Pelvis

Sympathetic	paravertebral ganglia: Sacral ganglia Ganglion impar splanchnic nerves: Sacral splanchnic nerves
Parasympathetic	splanchnic nerves: Pelvic splanchnic nerves