Romanian Baccalaureate
The Bacalaureat (or bac for short) is an exam held in Romania when one graduates high school (Romanian: liceu).
Romania
History
The Romanian Baccalaureate has evolved over time.
Present
Unlike the French Baccalaureate, the Romanian one has a single degree. The subjects (except subject A) depend on the profile studied (Romanian: profil de studiu): mathematics and computer science (Romanian: matematică-informatică), philology (Romanian: filologie), natural sciences (Romanian: științe ale naturii), social sciences (Romanian: științe sociale), or various other vocational tracks (Romanian: filiera vocaţională), and the candidate's choice.
The exam covers the whole high school curriculum and the marking scale is between 1 and 10. In order to pass, students must obtain at least 5.00 in every subject with a minimum of 6.00 overall. All the graduates in the country take the exam at the same time. The subjects vary from profile to profile.
Subjects
The baccalaureate has up to 5 modules, each one graded separately. Module E, the written examination, is the one considered for admission to higher education.
Competence exams
A, B and D are marked with: Beginner, Average, Advanced and Experienced.
- A: Romanian language - oral examination.
- B: Maternal Language - if different from Romanian, and if studied; oral examination.
- C: foreign language - oral and written examination; graded on the CEFR scale, from A1 to B2.
- D: computer skills.
Written exams
Each exam takes three hours.
- E)a): Romanian Language and Literature.
- E)b): Maternal Language and Literature - if different from Romanian, and if studied.
- E)c): compulsory subject (of the profile).
- E)d): subject to be chosen (of the profile).
Profile | c) Subject | d) Subject |
---|---|---|
Theoretical: Sciences | Mathematics | Computer Science (C/C++ or Pascal), Physics, Biology (Botany and Zoology/ Human Anatomy and Physiology. Genetics and Ecology), or Chemistry (Organic/Inorganic) |
Theoretical: Humanities | History | Geography, Logic, Psychology, Economics, Sociology, Philosophy |
Technological: Technical | Mathematics | Physics, Biology (Botany and Zoology/ Human Anatomy and Physiology. Genetics and Ecology), or Chemistry (Organic/Inorganic) |
Technological: Services | Mathematics | Geography, Logic, Psychology, Economics, Philosophy |
Vocational: Pedagogy | Mathematics | Geography, Logic, Psychology, Economics, Philosophy |
Vocational: Military | Mathematics | Computer Science (C/C++ or Pascal), Physics, Biology (Botany and Zoology/ Human Anatomy and Physiology. Genetics and Ecology), or Chemistry (Organic/Inorganic) |
Vocational: Other | History | Geography, Logic, Psychology, Economics, Philosophy |
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- South Africa: Matriculation in South Africa
- Tunisia: Tunisian Baccalaureate
- Australia: ATAR, STAT
- China: Gaokao
- Hong Kong: HKDSE (JUPAS)
- Macau: JAE
- India: CUET, JEE, NEET, CLAT
- Indonesia: UN, SNBT
- Iran: Concours
- Israel: The Psychometry
- Japan: NCTUA, EJU
- Kazakhstan: ENT
- Malaysia: STPM
- Myanmar: University Entrance Examination
- Philippines: UPCAT, PUPCET
- Singapore: GCE-O, GCE-A
- South Korea: CSAT
- Taiwan: GSAT, AST
- Thailand: GAT, PAT
- Vietnam: TSĐHCĐ, THPTQG, TNTHPT (ĐGNL, TSA)
- Belarus: CTRB
- Denmark: Studentereksamen
- Estonia: Riigieksamid
- Finland: Ylioppilastutkinto/studentexamen
- France: Baccalauréat
- Germany: Abitur
- Greece: Panhellenic Exams
- Iceland: Stúdentspróf
- Ireland: Leaving Certificate
- Netherlands: Eindexamen
- Portugal: ENES
- Romania: Bacalaureat
- Russia: EGE
- Spain: Selectividad
- Sweden: Högskoleprovet
- Turkey: TYT-AYT
- Ukraine: ZNO
- United Kingdom: A-Level, Higher
- Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Italy, Kosovo, Liechtenstein, Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, Poland, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Switzerland: Matura
References
- www.edu.ro
- Legislation
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