Timeline of Oran

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Oran, Algeria.

Prior to 19th century

Part of a series on the
History of Algeria
Prehistory Aterian Culture (80,000 BC) Iberomaurusian Culture (20,000 BC) Capsian culture (10,000 BC) Rock art in Oran, Djelfa, Tassili and Ahaggar Roknia Madghacen Jedars Related: Archeology of Algeria
Antiquity Phoenicia Ancient Carthage Numidia (202–46 BC) Punic Wars (264–146 BC) Jugurthine War (111–106 BC) Roman Mauretania and Africa (146 BC–590 AD) Vandal Kingdom (435–534 AD) Mauro-Roman Kingdom (477–578 AD) Kingdom of the Aurès (484–703 AD) Kingdom of Altava (578–708 AD) Prefecture of Africa (534–585 AD) Exarchate of Africa (585–698 AD) Early African Church Partenia Fossatum Africae Gemellae
Middle Ages Arab conquest (647–709 AD) Umayyad Caliphate (703–744 AD) Ifranids (742–1066 AD) Muhallabids (771–793 AD) Rustamids (776–909 AD) Idrisids (789–828 AD) Aghlabids (800–909 AD) Fatimids (909–1171 AD) Maghrawas (970–1068 AD) Zirids (973–1152 AD) Hammadids (1014–1152 AD) Almoravids (1040–1147 AD) Almohads (1121–1269 AD) Marinids (1215–1465 AD) Hafsids (1229–1574 AD) Ziyyanids (1235–1556 AD)
Modern times Regency of Algiers (16th–19th centuries) Ottoman governors Emirate of Beni Abbas Emirate of Kuku Barbary pirates Barbary Slave Trade First Barbary War Second Barbary War French Algeria (19th–20th centuries) French conquest French governors Resistance Pacification Emir Abdelkader Fatma N'Soumer Mokrani Revolt Cheikh Bouamama Attack on Mers-el-Kébir Operation Torch Sétif and Guelma massacre Algerian War (1954–1962) Nationalism RCUA FLN GPRA 1958 crisis 1961 putsch Évian Accords Independence referendum Pieds-noirs Harkis Oujda Group
Contemporary era 1960s–80s FFS rebellion 1965 coup d'état Berber Spring 1988 riots 1990s–2000s Algerian Civil War Timeline Massacres FIS GIA High Council of State Civil Concord Black Spring Peace Charter Insurgency in the Maghreb 2010s to present Arab Spring Hirak Movement COVID-19 pandemic
Related topics Outline of Algeria Military history of Algeria (List of wars involving Algeria) Postal history of Algeria (List of people on stamps of Algeria) History of North Africa
v t e

• 903 CE – Ouahran founded by Andalusian Umayyad traders (traditional date).^[1]
• 13th century – Zayyanids in power.^[2]
• 1415 - Portugal captures Oran^[3]
• 1492 – Andalusian refugees flee to Oran (approximate date).^[2]
• 1509 – Spanish conquest.^[2]
• 1556 – Siege of Oran (1556) by Ottoman forces.
• 1563 – Sieges of Oran and Mers El Kébir by Ottoman forces.
• 1604 – Fort Santa Cruz built.
• 1669 – Jews expelled.^[1]
• 1708 – Algiers recaptures Oran.^[4]
• 1732 – Spanish reconquest.^[4]
• 1738 – Population: 9,000.^[1]
• 1785 – Population: 12,000.^[1]
• 1790 – October 9: 1790 Oran earthquake.^[4][5]
• 1791 – Algiers retakes Oran.^[4]
• 1792 – Mosquée du Bey Mohamed el-Kébir [fr] (mosque) built.
• 1794 – Plague outbreak.^[1]
• 1796 – Hassan Pasha Mosque built.^[1]

19th century

• 1831 – Pujol appointed mayor of Oran.
• 1834 – Treaty of Desmichel with the governor of French Algeria and Emir Abdelkader in Oran in secret from France who denied the treaty later.
• 1836 – General Létang transforms the glacis Castle-Nine into a walk which bears its name.^{[citation needed]}
• 1837 – General Bugeaud arrived in Oran to negotiate a new treaty (The Treaty of Tafna, May 20) with Emir Abd El-Kader. On November 14 the Emir signed a treaty with Desmichel recognizing its [whose?] authority to the west of Algiers except for Oran, Mostaganem and Arzew.^{[citation needed]}
• 1845 – General Lamoricière constructed the "Village Nègre." ^{[citation needed]}
• 1847 – Following a severe drought lasting several months, a terrible epidemic of cholera strikes, decimating the population of Oran.^{[citation needed]}
• 1847 - January 1: 47,300 French people had come from Alsace, the Vosges, Dauphiné and the south of France at the same time as 31,000 Spaniards, 8,800 Maltese, 8,200 Italians and 8,600 Swiss and Germans who were believed to be the worst settlers.
• 1848
  • Algiers-Oran railway begins operating.^[1]
  • Oran becomes the prefecture of the administrative department of the same name.
  • Creation of the small Basin of the Old Port (four hectares).^[1]
  • A civil hospital is built.^{[citation needed]}
• 1849 – Cholera outbreak.^[1]
• 1850 – Chapelle de Santa Cruz [fr] (church) construction begins atop Aïdour [fr].
• 1851 - 30,258 inhabitants in Oran.
• 1858 – December 5: The members of the first general council of Oran, named by Emperor Napoleon III, meet with the prefecture, with Jules de Pre de Saint-Maur as chairman.^{[citation needed]}
• 1862 – Slaughterhouse built.^[1]
• 1865 - Napoleon III grants French nationality to Jews and Muslims. This decree was very frowned upon by the settlers and it was not until October 24, 1870 that the Crémieux decree actually allowed 37,000 Jews from Algeria to become citizens of France.
• 1866 – Roman Catholic Diocese of Oran established.^[6]
• 1876 - 45,640 inhabitants in Oran.
• 1877 – University Hospital of Oran construction begins.^{[citation needed]}
• 1878 – Société de Géographie et d’Archéologie d’Oran founded.^[7]
• 1880
  • Great Synagogue of Oran built.^[8]
  • Oran builds a great extension starting from the place d'Armes. The ravine of l'Oued Rouina is filled.^{[citation needed]}
• 1881 – Horse-drawn tram begins operating.^[1]
• 1885 – Municipal Museum of Oran and Demaeght established. 63,929 inhabitants in Oran.
• 1886 – Hôtel de ville d'Oran [fr] (city hall) built.^[9]
• 1899 – Electric tram begins operating.^[1]
• 1900 – Population: 93,000.^[1]

20th century

1900s–1940s

• 1906 - Population: 101,009 inhabitants.
• 1907 – Construction of the theatre.^{[citation needed]}
• 1909 – December 14: the first flight in Oran is carried out by Julien Serviès on a Sommer monoplane at Sénia,. Next 9 January, a great meeting gathers forty thousand people, also in Sénia, in the presence of Marshal Lyautey.^{[citation needed]}
• 1911 - Population: 118,023 inhabitants.
• 1912 – Population: 123,086.^[10]
• 1913 – Cathedral Sacré Coeur built.
• 1921 - Population: 138,212 inhabitants.
• 1926 - Population: 145,183 inhabitants.
• 1928 – Oran socialiste newspaper begins publication.
• 1930 – Creation of new districts, less dense and more luxurious: these included higher Gambetta, Bon Reception, the Beavers, Médioni, Small Boulanger, Cité... This development continues overall with the creation of districts even more sumptuous, overflowing the first crown (district of Saint-Hubert, Palm trees, Point of the Day, Gambetta...)^{[citation needed]}
• 1930–32 – Sénia, the Oran aérodrome, is where several world records of duration and distance in closed loop are established.^{[citation needed]}
• 1931 - Population: 187,981.
• 1936 - Population: 217,819 inhabitants in Oran. On August 1, 1936, the French designer and couturier Yves Saint Laurent was born in Oran.
• 1936 - The number of Moroccans in the department of Oran is 19,902, of which 4,395 lived in the city of Oran.
• 1940
  • Beginning of the construction of the new prefecture.^{[citation needed]}
  • July 3: following the German invasion of Paris and fall of France, the British fleet attacked from Gibraltar, damaging the French fleet of the Atlantic based at Mers el Kébir. Its bombardment sank three battleships: Dunkerque, Provence and Bretagne. Twelve hundred French sailors died as a result. The British feared that the French fleet could be taken over and used against them. The Vichy government operated in Algeria.^{[citation needed]}
• 1942 – November 8: as prelude to the invasion of Italy, the British and the Americans land at Arzew, and Oran capitulates on November 10.^{[citation needed]}
• 1946 – MC Oran football club formed.
• 1947 – Camus' fictional novel The Plague published.^[4]
• 1948 – Population: 244,594.^[11]
• 1949 – OS attack post office.^[12]

1950s–1990s

• 1950 – Oran has 256,661 inhabitants. Sixty-five percent of the Europeans were of Spanish origin, and they outnumbered the Algerian Muslims in the city.^{[citation needed]}
• 1951 – Dairy built.^[1]
• 1955 – Trefle Apartments (hi-rise) built.^[13]
• 1957 – Parc Municipal des Sports (stadium) opens.
• 1958 – June 6: French president de Gaulle visits city.
• 1960
  • Resistance fighters put up their first barricades.^{[citation needed]}
  • Palais des Sports Hamou Boutlélis (arena) opens.
• 1961
  • August: appearance of the Organisation armée secrète.^{[citation needed]}
  • The census states the population of Oran 400,000 inhabitants: 220,000 Europeans (including many born in Algeria) and 180,000 Algerian Muslims.
• 1962
  • 25 March: Edmond Jouhaud, a chief of the Organisation armée secrète, arrested.
  • 5 July: City becomes part of independent Algeria.
  • 5–7 July: Massacre of Europeans occurs. Most survivors of French ancestry left the city, fleeing to France.
• 1965 – University of Oran established.^[4]
• 1966 – Population: 327,493.^[14]
• 1975 – Abdallah Ibn Salam Mosque established.
• 1977 – Population: 490,788 city; 543,485 urban agglomeration.^[15]
• 1985 – Raï music festival held.^[16]
• 1988 – 1988 October Riots.^[12]
• 1992 – National Centre of Research in Social and Cultural Anthropology headquartered in Oran.
• 1994
  • Le Quotidien d'Oran newspaper begins publication.
  • 12 administrative urban areas created: El-Badr, Bouamama, El-Emir, El-Hamri, El-Houari [es], El-Makkari, El-Menzeh, Muhieddine, El-Othmania, Es-Saada, and Es-Seddikia.^{[citation needed]}
• 1998 – Population: 705,335.^[17]

21st century

• 2007 – Sonatrach HQ building constructed.^[13]
• 2008
  • Bahia Center (hi-rise) built.^[13](fr)
  • Population: 1,165,687.^[18]
• 2013 – Oran Tramway begins operating.
• 2014 – Renault car manufactory begins operating.^[19]
• 2017 – 6 additional administrative urban areas created: Akid Lotfi, Ed-Derb, Fellaoucène, Hammou Boutlélis, El-Khaldia, and Mahieddine.^[20][21]
• 2021 – 2021 Mediterranean Games to be held in Oran.

See also

• Oran history
• History of Oran [fr]
• List of governors of Oran, 1509–1831 (Spanish and Ottoman periods)
• List of mayors of Oran, 1832–present (includes French period)
• History of the Jews in Oran [fr]
• Timelines of other cities in Algeria: Algiers
• Years in Algeria

References

This article incorporates information from the French Wikipedia and Spanish Wikipedia.

Bibliography

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Oran.

• "(Oran)". Directory of Open Access Journals. UK. (Bibliography of open access articles)
• "(Oran, commune)" (in French). Aix-en-Provence: Centre de Documentation Historique sur l'Algérie. (Bibliography)
• "(Oran)" – via Qatar National Library, Qatar Digital Library. (Images, etc.)
• "(Oran)" – via Europeana. (Images, etc.)
• "(Oran)" – via Digital Public Library of America. (Images, etc.)
• "(Oran)". Internet Library Sub-Saharan Africa. Germany: Frankfurt University Library. 15 January 2019. (Bibliography)
• "(Oran)". Connecting-Africa. Leiden, Netherlands: African Studies Centre. (Bibliography)
• "(Oran)". AfricaBib.org. (Bibliography)