United Borneo Alliance

Political party in Malaysia

Politics of Malaysia
Political parties
Elections

United Borneo Alliance (abbreviated UBA), was formed by Jeffrey Kitingan in 2012 after he launched the Sabah chapter of Sarawak-based State Reform Party (STAR).^[1]^[2]^[3] Jeffrey also had earlier set-up the preceding United Borneo Front (UBF), the formation of an alliance comprising the State Reform Party (STAR), United Sabah National Organisation (USNO), Sabah Progressive Party (SAPP) and Sarawak National Party (SNAP). The Borneo-based parties from Sabah and Sarawak, which would promote a system similar to the "One country, two systems" in China, intend on using the platform to educate the people of Sabah and Sarawak in order to bring about a better quality of life.^[4]

In 2015, Jeffrey merged the UBA into the newly formed United Sabah Alliance (USA) and half of the UBA members lead the organisation as Non-governmental political group in 2020,^[5] alongside relaunching the Sabah chapter of the State Reform Party as Parti Solidariti Tanah Airku, a separate entity while retaining the acronym of STAR.^[6]^[7] The United Sabah Alliance was succeeded by the similarly named United Alliance of Sabah in 2018. In 2020, the NGO group of UBA allied with Gabungan Rakyat Sabah to strengthen the localisation of political agenda in Sabah.

Member party

General election results

Election	Total seats won	Seats contested	Total votes	Voting Percentage	Outcome of election	Election leader
2013	6 / 222	13	194,324	1.25%	4 seats; Opposition coalition (SAPP & STAR)	Jeffrey Kitingan

References

^ "Jeffrey Kitingan to Launch STAR Sabah". Bernama. Malaysian Digest. 4 January 2012. Archived from the original on 10 May 2018. Retrieved 10 May 2018.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
^ "Kitingan announces formation of United Borneo Alliance". New Straits Times. 16 December 2011. Archived from the original on 23 December 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2019.
^ "Sarawak STAR: About: More Info: Additional Information". STAR Sarawak Operations Centre. 30 July 2020. Retrieved 15 January 2021 – via Facebook.
^ "Jeffrey Kitingan forms United Borneo Front to get more for Sabah, Sarawak". The Star. 16 December 2010. Retrieved 23 April 2018.
^ "Opposition parties form United Sabah Alliance". Daily Express. 10 March 2015. Archived from the original on 12 April 2018. Retrieved 12 May 2018.
^ Jenne Lajiun (15 July 2016). "Reformed, rebranded STAR now Sabah-based party". The Borneo Post. Retrieved 23 April 2018.
^ "Jeffrey ends his party-hopping days with STAR approval". The Star. 14 July 2016. Archived from the original on 10 May 2018. Retrieved 10 May 2018.

Political parties in Malaysia

Parties represented in the Dewan Negara, Dewan Rakyat and/or State Assemblies

Pakatan Harapan (PH)	Democratic Action Party (DAP) People's Justice Party (PKR) National Trust Party (AMANAH) United Progressive Kinabalu Organisation (UPKO)
Barisan Nasional (BN)	United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA) Malaysian Indian Congress (MIC) Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah (PBRS)
Gabungan Parti Sarawak (GPS)	United Traditional Bumiputera Party (PBB) Sarawak United Peoples' Party (SUPP) Parti Rakyat Sarawak (PRS) Progressive Democratic Party (PDP)
Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS)	Parti Gagasan Rakyat Sabah (GAGASAN) United Sabah Party (PBS) Homeland Solidarity Party (STAR) Love Sabah Party (PCS) Sabah Progressive Party (SAPP) Sabah People's Hope Party (PHRS)
Perikatan Nasional (PN)	Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU) Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia (GERAKAN)
Other parties	Heritage Party (WARISAN) Malaysian United Democratic Alliance (MUDA) Parti Bangsa Malaysia (PBM) Social Democratic Harmony Party (KDM) Independent

Parties without representation in the Parliament and State Assemblies

Friends of Barisan Nasional	Malaysia Makkal Sakti Party (MMSP) Malaysian Indian Muslim Congress (KIMMA) Love Malaysia Party (PCM) All Malaysian Indian Progressive Front (IPF) Malaysian Indian United Party (MIUP) Punjabi Party of Malaysia (PPM) Parti Kuasa Rakyat (KUASA)* Minority Rights Action Party (MIRA)
Perikatan Nasional (PN)	Malaysian Indian People’s Party (MIPP)
Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS)	United Sabah National Organisation (Baru) (USNO) Liberal Democratic Party (LDP)
Gerakan Tanah Air (GTA)	Pan-Malaysian Islamic Front (BERJASA) Parti Bumiputera Perkasa Malaysia (PUTRA) Parti Perikatan India Muslim Nasional (IMAN)
Other parties	Malaysian Indian People’s Party Socialist Party of Malaysia (PSM) Sabah Native Co-operation Party (ANAK NEGERI) Malaysia National Alliance Party (IKATAN) People's Alternative Party (PAP) Malaysian Hope Party (PHM) Homeland Fighters' Party (PEJUANG) Socialist Alternative (SA)* Parti Rakyat Malaysia (PRM) Malaysia National Alliance Party (IKATAN) Malaysian People's Progressive Party (myPPP) People's Welfare Party (KITA) Malaysian United People's Party (BERSAMA) Malaysian Advancement Party (KEMAJUAN) Sabah People's Unity Party (PPRS) Penang Front Party (PFP) Malaysian United Party (MUP) Malaysian Ceylonese Congress (MCC) Sabah Nationality Party (PKS) Sabah National People's Unity Organisation (PERPADUAN) Sabah Truth Party (KEBENARAN) Sabahan Bugis United Party (PBBS) Sabah People's Economy Party (PERS) Sabah Prosperous Party of Unity Front (SAPU) Parti Damai Sabah (SPP) Land of the Hornbills Party (PBK) Malaysian Science Aspiration Party (SAINS) Economic Sarawak United People's Party (PERSB) Justice of the Peace Coalition People's Party (PEACE) Malaysian Indian Justice Party (MIJP) Malaysian National Party (PNM) Malaysian Citizen National Party (PNPM) Green Party of Malaysia (PHM) People First Party (URPARTI) Malaysian Arc Party (BAHTERA) Barisan Penyatuan Nasional Parti Aspirasi Rakyat Sarawak (ASPIRASI) Parti Bansa Dayak Sarawak (Baru) (PBDS) Parti Sedar Rakyat Sarawak (SEDAR) Sarawak for Sarawakian (S4S) Sarawak Independent Alliance (SIA)

Defunct parties and coalition

Defunct coalitions	All-Malaya Council of Joint Action (AMCJA) Labour Front (LF) Socialist Front (SF) Alliance Party (AP) Malayan Peoples' Socialist Front (SF) Barisan Sabah Kumpulan Maju (MAJU) Angkatan Perpaduan Ummah (APU) Gagasan Rakyat (GR) Barisan Alternatif (BA) Pakatan Rakyat (PR)
Defunct former parliamentary parties	Malayan Party (MP) Sarawak National Party (SNAP) Sarawak Native People's Party (PBDS) Sarawak Malaysian People's Association (PERMAS) Muslim People's Party of Malaysia (HAMIM) National Party (Negara) Labour Party of Malaya (Lab) National Convention Party (NCP) Sabah People's United Front (BERJAYA) Malaysian Social Justice Party (PEKEMAS) Malaysian Democratic Party (MDP) Semangat 46 (S46) United Sabah National Organisation (USNO) United Pasok Momogun Organisation (UPMO) United Pasokmomogun Kadazan Organisation (UPKO) Sabah National Party (SANAP) Sabah Chinese Association (SCA) Sarawak Chinese Association (SCA) People's Justice Front (AKAR) Sarawak People's Energy Party (TERAS) United Democratic Party (UDP) Sarawak Progressive Democratic Party (SPDP) Muslim League of Malaya (ML) National Association of Perak (NAP) Radical Party (RADICAL) Sarawak People's Organisation (SAPO) Sabah Chinese Consolidated Party (SCCP) Barisan Ra'ayat Jati Sarawak (BARJASA) Parti Pesaka Anak Sarawak (PESAKA) Parti Bumiputera Sarawak (BUMIPUTERA) Parti Negara Sarawak (PANAS) Sabah Indian Congress (SIC) United Pasok Nunukragang National Organisation (PASOK) Sabah Democratic Party (PDS)
Other defunct parties	Independence of Malaya Party (IMP) Malayan Communist Party (MCP) (Revolutionary Faction) (Marxist-Leninist) Malaysian Marhaen Party (PMM) North Kalimantan Communist Party (NKCP) Selangor Labour Party (SLP) Muslim Community Union of Malaysia (IKATAN) Federated Sabah People's Front (BERSEKUTU) Social Democratic Party (SDP) Province Wellesley Labor Party (PWLP) Purtobohan Bumi Putera (PURTOBOHAN) Kesatuan Insaf Tanah Air (KITA) Independent People's Progressive Party (IPPP) Parti Umat Sarawak (UMAT) United People's Party (1976) (UPP) United Sabah People's Organisation (USPO) Sabah People's Democratic Party (SEDAR) United Sabah Assembly Party (PUSAKA) Parti Anak Jati Sarawak (PAJAR) Sarawak People's National Party (PNRS) Sarawak United Democratic Party (BERSATU) Parti Nasionalis Malaysia (NASMA) Parti Bersatu Rakyat Bumiputera Sabah (BERSEPADU) Parti Bertindak Rakyat Sabah (BERSIH) Sabah Chinese Party (PCS) Sabah National Momogun Party (MOMOGUN) Sarawak United Labour Party (PLUS) Sabah People's Party (PRS) Angkatan Keadilan Insan Malaysia (AKIM) United Democratic Sabah People's Power Party (SETIA) Malaysian Solidarity Party (MSP) Democratic Malaysian Indian Party (DMIP) Community Coalition Congress (CCC) Sabah People's Front (SPF) Parti Merdeka Malaysia (PMM) Human Rights Party (HRP) Parti Perpaduan Masyarakat (PPM) Parti Sarawak Bersatu (PSB)