Araneidae

Araneidae
Argiope catenulata
Klasifikasi ilmiah
Kerajaan:
Animalia
Filum:
Arthropoda
Kelas:
Arachnida
Ordo:
Araneae
Subordo:
Araneomorphae
Superfamili:
Araneoidea
Famili:
Araneidae

Simon, 1895
Diversitas[1]
168 genus, 3.006 spesies

Araneidae adalah nama Latin untuk famili laba-laba pembuat sarang berbentuk roda yang paling sering ditemukan, di taman, ladang maupun hutan. Bentuk sarangnya khas menyerupai lingkaran sehingga takson ini dulunya juga dinamakan Orbiculariae.

Laba-laba dari keluarga ini mempunyai 8 mata yang serupa, kaki yang berbulu atau berduri, dan tidak mempunyai organ stridulating. Familia Araneidae berciri kosmopolitan, termasuk banyak spesies terkenal yang besar atau berwarna cerah yang sering ditemukan di taman-taman. Jumlah 3.006 spesies dalam 168 genus di seluruh dunia membuat Araneidae merupakan familia laba-laba nomor tiga terbesar setelah Salticidae dan Linyphiidae).[1] Pembuat sarang ini termasuk lebih dari 10.000 spesies dan mencakup 25% ragam laba-laba.[2]

Argiope sp. duduk pada stabilimentum di tengah-tengah sarang
Anak-anak laba-laba di sarang dekat tempat menetas
Close-up cephalothorax pada Eriophora sp. (kemungkinan E. heroine atau E. pustuosa

Sistematika

  • Araneinae Simon, 1895
  • Anepsiini
  • Arachnurini
  • Araneini
  • Arkycini
  • Bertranini
  • Celaenini
  • Cyclosini
  • Dolophonini
  • Exechocentrini
  • Heterognathini
  • Hypognathini
  • Mangorini
  • Poltyini
  • Pseudartonini
  • Testudinarini
  • Ursini
  • incertae sedis
  • Glyptogona Simon, 1884
  • Argiope
  • Argiopinae
  • Cyrtarachninae Simon
  • Cyrtarachnini Simon
  • Mastophorini
  • Cyrtophorinae
  • Gasteracanthinae
  • Caerostrini
  • Gasteracanthini
  • Micratheninae
  • incertae sedis
  • Artonis Simon, 1895
  • Colphepeira Archer, 1941
  • Enacrosoma Mello-Leitão, 1932
  • Encyosaccus Simon, 1895
  • Melychiopharis Simon, 1895
  • Micrepeira Schenkel, 1953
  • Parmatergus Emerit, 1994
  • Pronous Keyserling, 1881
  • Sedasta Simon, 1894
  • Singafrotypa Benoit, 1962
  • Tethneus Scudder, 1890 † (fossil, Oligocene)
  • Tethneus guyoti (Scudder, 1890)
  • Tethneus henzii (Scudder)
  • Tethneus robustus (Petrunkevitch)

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Lihat pula

  • Daftar spesies Araneidae
  • Keluarga laba-laba

Referensi

  1. ^ a b Platnick, Norman I. (29 December 2010). "Currently valid spider genera and species". The World Spider Catalog, Version 11.5. American Museum of Natural History. Diakses tanggal 24 May 2011. 
  2. ^ Todd A. Blackledge, Nikolaj Scharff, Jonathan A. Coddington, Tamas Szüts, John W. Wenzel, Cheryl Y. Hayashi & Ingi Agnarsson (2009). "Reconstructing web evolution and spider diversification in the molecular era". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 106: 5229–5234. doi:10.1073/pnas.0901377106. PMC 2656561 alt=Dapat diakses gratis. PMID 19289848. Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (link)

Pustaka tambahan

Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Araneidae.
Wikispecies mempunyai informasi mengenai Araneidae.
  • The Life of the Spider by John Crompton. Mentor, 1950.
  • "The Orb-Weaving Spiders of Canada and Alaska. Araneae: Uloboridae, Tetragnathidae, Araneidae, Theridiosomatidae. Insects and Arachnids of Canada Series, Part 23." By C. D. Dondale, J. H. Redner, P. Paquin, and H. W. Levi. NRC Research Press, Ottawa, 2003. ISBN 978-0-660-18898-0
  • How to Know the Spiders by B. J. Kaston. Dubuque, 1953.
  • Spiders by Barbara York Main. Sidney, 1976.
  • Biology of Spiders, by Rainer F. Foelix, second edition, 1996
  • Levi, H. W. (1993): The new orb-weaver genus Lewisepeira (Araneae: Araneidae). Psyche 100: 127–136. PDF Diarsipkan 2006-09-28 di Wayback Machine.
  • Platnick, Norman I. (2010): The world spider catalog: Araneidae, version 11.5. American Museum of Natural History.

Pranala luar

  • Spiders of Australia
  • Spiders of northwestern Europe
  • Araneae Diarsipkan 2015-05-23 di Wayback Machine., Arachnology Home Pages
  • World Spider Catalog
  • Orb weavers of Kentucky, University of Kentucky
  • Pictures of Mangora species
  • Gasteracantha cancriformis, spinybacked orbweaver on the University of Florida / Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Featured Creatures website
  • Neoscona crucifera and N. domiciliorum on the University of Florida / Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Featured Creatures website HOE
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Famili Araneae yang masih hidup
Upaordo Mesothelae
  • Liphistiidae (segmented spiders)
Upaordo Opisthothelae
M
y
g
a
l
o
m
o
r
p
h
a
e
Mecicobothrioidea
  • Mecicobothriidae (dwarf tarantulas)
  • Microstigmatidae
Hexatheloidea
  • Hexathelidae (funnel-webs or venomous funnel-web tarantulas)
Dipluroidea
  • Dipluridae (funnel-web tarantulas)
Nemesioidea
  • Nemesiidae (funnel-web tarantulas)
Theraphosoidea
  • Theraphosidae (true tarantulas)
  • Paratropididae (bald-legged spiders)
Barycheloidea
  • Barychelidae (brushed trapdoor spiders)
Atypoidea
  • Atypidae (atypical tarantulas or purseweb spiders)
  • Antrodiaetidae (folding trapdoor spiders)
Cyrtauchenioidea
  • Cyrtaucheniidae (wafer trapdoor spiders)
Idiopoidea
  • Idiopidae
Ctenizoidea
  • Ctenizidae (cork-lid trapdoor spiders)
Migoidea
  • Migidae (tree trapdoor spiders)
  • Actinopodidae (mouse spiders and relatives)
A
r
a
n
e
o
m
o
r
p
h
a
e
Hypochiloidea
  • Hypochilidae (lampshade spiders)
Austrochiloidea
  • Austrochilidae
  • Gradungulidae (large-clawed spiders)
H
a
p
l
o
g
y
n
a
e
Filistatoidea
  • Filistatidae (crevice weaver spiders)
Scytodoidea
  • Drymusidae (false violin spiders)
  • Periegopidae
  • Scytodidae (spitting spiders)
  • Sicariidae (violin spiders, assassin spiders)
Leptonetoidea
  • Leptonetidae (leptonetid spiders)
  • Ochyroceratidae (midget ground weavers)
  • Telemidae (long-legged cave spiders)
Pholcoidea
  • Diguetidae (coneweb spiders)
  • Pholcidae (cellar spiders)
  • Plectreuridae (plectreurid spiders)
Caponioidea
  • Caponiidae
  • Tetrablemmidae (armored spiders)
Dysderoidea
  • Dysderidae (woodlouse hunters)
  • Oonopidae (goblin spiders)
  • Orsolobidae
  • Segestriidae (tube-dwelling spiders)
  • Trogloraptoridae (Trogloraptor marchingtoni)
E
n
t
e
l
e
g
y
n
a
e
Eresoidea
  • Eresidae (velvet spiders)
  • Hersiliidae (tree trunk spiders)
  • Oecobiidae (disc web spiders)
Archaeoidea
  • Archaeidae (pelican spiders)
  • Holarchaeidae
  • Mecysmaucheniidae
  • Micropholcommatidae
  • Pararchaeidae
Palpimanoidea
  • Huttoniidae
  • Palpimanidae (palp-footed spiders)
  • Stenochilidae
Mimetoidea
  • Malkaridae (shield spiders)
  • Mimetidae (pirate spiders)
Uloboroidea
  • Deinopidae (net-casting spiders)
  • Uloboridae (cribellate orb weavers)
Araneoidea
  • Anapidae
  • Araneidae (orb-weaver spiders)
  • Cyatholipidae
  • Linyphiidae (sheet weavers or money spiders)
  • Mysmenidae (spurred orb-weavers)
  • Nesticidae (cave cobweb spiders)
  • Pimoidae
  • Sinopimoidae (member of Linyphiidae?)
  • Symphytognathidae (dwarf orb-weavers)
  • Synaphridae
  • Synotaxidae
  • Tetragnathidae (long jawed orb-weavers)
  • Nephilidae (large-jawed spiders)
  • Theridiidae (tangle-web spiders)
  • Theridiosomatidae (ray spiders)
Lycosoidea
  • Ctenidae (wandering spiders or tropical wolf spiders)
  • Lycosidae (wolf spiders)
  • Oxyopidae (lynx spiders)
  • Pisauridae (nursery web spiders) (including Halidae)
  • Psechridae
  • Senoculidae (bark hunters)
  • Stiphidiidae
  • Trechaleidae
  • Zoridae
  • Zorocratidae (zorocratid spiders)
  • Zoropsidae (zoropsid spiders)
Agelenoidea
  • Agelenidae (araneomorph funnel weavers)
  • Amphinectidae (including Neolanidae)
Amaurobioidea
  • Amaurobiidae (tangled nest spiders)
Dictynoidea
  • Anyphaenidae (anyphaenid sac spiders)
  • Cybaeidae
  • Desidae (intertidal spiders)
  • Dictynidae (dictynid spiders)
  • Hahniidae (dwarf sheet spiders)
  • Nicodamidae (red and black spiders)
Sparassoidea
  • Sparassidae (huntsman spiders)
Selenopoidea
  • Selenopidae (wall crab spiders)
Zodaroidea
  • Zodariidae (zodariid ground spiders or ant spiders) (including Cryptothelidae)
Tengelloidea
  • Tengellidae (tengellid spiders)
Titanoecoidea
  • Phyxelididae
  • Titanoecidae (titanoecid spiders)
Gnaphosoidea
  • Ammoxenidae (termite hunters)
  • Cithaeronidae
  • Gallieniellidae
  • Gnaphosidae (flat-bellied ground spiders)
  • Lamponidae (white-tailed spiders)
  • Prodidomidae (long-spinneret ground spiders)
  • Trochanteriidae
Thomisoidea
  • Philodromidae (running crab spiders)
  • Thomisidae (crab spiders)
Salticoidea
  • Salticidae (laba-laba peloncat)
Corinnoidea
  • Corinnidae (dark sac spiders)
  • Liocranidae (liocranid sac spiders)
incertae sedis
  • Chummidae
  • Clubionidae (sac spiders)
  • Cycloctenidae
  • Homalonychidae
  • Miturgidae (long-legged sac spiders)
  • Daftar familia laba-laba
  • Taksonomi laba-laba
  • List of spider common names
  • Familia dengan lebih dari 1000 spesies dicetak tebal
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