Amitraz

Amitraz
IUPAC ime
 
N,N'-[(metilimino)dimetilidin]di-2,4-ksilidin
Identifikacija
CAS registarski broj 33089-61-1 DaY
PubChem[1][2] 36324
ChemSpider[3] 33405 DaY
UNII 33IAH5017S DaY
KEGG[4] D02380
ChEMBL[5] CHEMBL1365675 DaY
ATCvet code QP53AD01
Jmol-3D slike Slika 1
SMILES

N(=C/N(\C=N\c1ccc(cc1C)C)C)\c2ccc(cc2C)C

InChI

InChI=1S/C19H23N3/c1-14-6-8-18(16(3)10-14)20-12-22(5)13-21-19-9-7-15(2)11-17(19)4/h6-13H,1-5H3/b20-12+,21-13+ DaY
Kod: QXAITBQSYVNQDR-ZIOPAAQOSA-N DaY


InChI=1/C19H23N3/c1-14-6-8-18(16(3)10-14)20-12-22(5)13-21-19-9-7-15(2)11-17(19)4/h6-13H,1-5H3/b20-12+,21-13+
Kod: QXAITBQSYVNQDR-ZIOPAAQOBL

Svojstva
Molekulska formula C19H23N3
Molarna masa 293,41 g/mol
Tačka topljenja

86–87 °C

Rastvorljivost u vodi Insoluble
Napon pare 2,6 x 10-6 mm Hg.

 DaY (šta je ovo?)   (verifikuj)

Ukoliko nije drugačije napomenuto, podaci se odnose na standardno stanje (25 °C, 100 kPa) materijala

Infobox references

Amitraz (BTS27419) je nesistemski akaricid i insekticid.[6] On je prvobitno sintetisan u kompaniji Boots Co. u Engleskoj 1969.[7] Amitraz deluje kao repelant insekata, insekticid i kao pesticidni pojačavač.[8] Amitraz je alfa-adrenergički agonist, ligand oktopaminskog receptora centralnog nervnog sistema i inhibitor monoaminske oksidaze i prostaglandinske sinteze.[9] On dovodi do prekomernog pobuđivanja i konsekventno paralize i smrti insekata. Amitraz je manje štetan za sisare, te je između ostalog poznat kao insekticid protiv infestacije pasa gnjidama ili krpeljima.[6]

Reference

  1. Li Q, Cheng T, Wang Y, Bryant SH (2010). „PubChem as a public resource for drug discovery.”. Drug Discov Today 15 (23-24): 1052-7. DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2010.10.003. PMID 20970519.  edit
  2. Evan E. Bolton, Yanli Wang, Paul A. Thiessen, Stephen H. Bryant (2008). „Chapter 12 PubChem: Integrated Platform of Small Molecules and Biological Activities”. Annual Reports in Computational Chemistry 4: 217-241. DOI:10.1016/S1574-1400(08)00012-1. 
  3. Hettne KM, Williams AJ, van Mulligen EM, Kleinjans J, Tkachenko V, Kors JA. (2010). „Automatic vs. manual curation of a multi-source chemical dictionary: the impact on text mining”. J Cheminform 2 (1): 3. DOI:10.1186/1758-2946-2-3. PMID 20331846.  edit
  4. Joanne Wixon, Douglas Kell (2000). „Website Review: The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes — KEGG”. Yeast 17 (1): 48–55. DOI:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(200004)17:1<48::AID-YEA2>3.0.CO;2-H. 
  5. Gaulton A, Bellis LJ, Bento AP, Chambers J, Davies M, Hersey A, Light Y, McGlinchey S, Michalovich D, Al-Lazikani B, Overington JP. (2012). „ChEMBL: a large-scale bioactivity database for drug discovery”. Nucleic Acids Res 40 (Database issue): D1100-7. DOI:10.1093/nar/gkr777. PMID 21948594.  edit
  6. 6,0 6,1 Corta, E., Bakkali, A., Berrueta, L. A., Gallo, B., & Vicente, F. (1999). Kinetics and mechanism of amitraz hydrolysis in aqueous media by HPLC and GC-MS. Talanta, 48(1), 189-199.
  7. Harrison, I. R., et al. (1973). 1,3,5-Triazapenta-1, 4-dienes: Chemical aspects of a new group of pesticides. Pestic. Sci. 4: 901.
  8. PubChem Substance. Amitraz – Substance Summary. retrieved from
  9. Bonsall, J. L., & Turnbull, G. J. (1983). Extrapolation from safety data to management of poisoning with reference to amitraz (a formamidine pesticide) and xylene. Human Toxicology

Literatura

  • Hollingworth, R. M. (1976). Chemistry, biological activity, and uses of formamidine pesticides. Environmental Health Perspectives, 14(April), 57-69.
  • Environmental Protection Agency. (1996). R.E.D. Facts – Amitraz. Prevention, Pesticides And Toxic Substances (7508W), November 1996 retrieved from http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/REDs/factsheets/0234fact.pdf
  • Brown, P. M. (1977). Toxicological problems associated with the manufacture of triazapentadienes. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, 70(1), 41-43.
  • IPCS INCHEM. (1984). Pesticide residues in food – 1984. retrieved from http://www.inchem.org/documents/jmpr/jmpmono/v84pr03.htm
  • Peter R., de Bruin C., Odendaal D., Thompson P.N. The use of a pour-on and spray dip containing Amitraz to control ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) on cattle. J S Afr Vet Assoc, 2006, 77(2), 66-9
  • Tarallo V.D., Lia R.P., Sasanelli M., Cafarchia C., Otranto D. Efficacy of Amitraz plus Metaflumizone for the treatment of canine demodicosis associated with Malassezia pachydermatis. Parasit Vectors, 2009, 2(1)
  • Chou, C.-P. et al. (2004). Solid-Phase Extraction and GC-MSD Determination of Amitraz and Metabolites in Urine. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis. Vol. 12, No. 3, 2004, 212-216.
  • IPCS INCHEM. (2012). Amitraz. retrieved from http://www.inchem.org/documents/jmpr/jmpmono/v098pr02.htm
  • Terence Robert Roberts, T.R.R. (1999). Metabolic pathways of agrochemicals. Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry, pp 729 – 733
  • Pierpoint, A. C. Et al (1997). Kinetics and Mechanism of Amitraz Hydrolysis. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemitry. 45 (5), pp 1937–1939
  • Ellenhorn, M.J., S. Schonwald, G. Ordog, J. Wasserberger. Ellenhorn's Medical Toxicology: Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Poisoning. 2nd ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins, 1997., p. 1730
  • Agin, H., Calkavur, S., Uzun, H., & Bak, M. (2004). Amitraz poisoning: clinical and laboratory findings. Indian Pediatrics, 41(5), 482-486.
  • Chen-Izu, Y., Xiao, R. P., Izu, L. T., Cheng, H., Kuschel, M., Spurgeon, H., & Lakatta, E. G. (2000). G(i)-dependent localization of beta(2)-adrenergic receptor signaling to L-type Ca(2+) channels. Biophysical Journal, 79(5), 2547–2556
  • Hsu, W. H. and Lu, Z.-X. (1984). Amitraz' induced delay of gastrointestinal transit in mice: Mediated by α2 adrenergic receptors. Drug Development Research, Volume 4 (6), 655- 680.
  • Chen, A. C., He, H., & Davey, R. B. (2007). Mutations in a putative octopamine receptor gene in amitraz-resistant cattle ticks. Veterinary Parasitology, 148(3-4), 379-383.
  • Grohmann, L., Blenau, W., Erber, J., Ebert, P. R., Strünker, T., & Baumann, A. (2003). Molecular and functional characterization of an octopamine receptor from honeybee (Apis mellifera) brain. Journal of Neurochemistry, 86(3), 725-735.
  • Li, A. Y., Davey, R. B., Miller, R. J., & George, J. E. (2004). Detection and characterization of amitraz resistance in the southern cattle tick, Boophilus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae). Journal of Medical Entomology, 41(2), 193-200.
  • Tipton KF, Boyce S, O'Sullivan J, Davey GP, Healy J (August 2004). "Monoamine oxidases: certainties and uncertainties". Curr. Med. Chem. 11 (15): 1965–82
  • Yim, G. K., Holsapple, M. P., Pfister, W. R., & Hollingworth, R. M. (1978). Prostaglandin synthesis inhibited by formamidine pesticides. Life Sciences, 23(25), 2509–2515
  • Grossman M.R. Amitraz toxicosis associated with ingestion of an acaricide collar in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 1993, 203(1), 55-7
  • Gifte.de. (2007) Amitraz. retrieved from http://www.gifte.de/Chemikalien/amitraz.htm
  • USEPA Office of Pesticide Programs, Health Effects Division, Science Information Management Branch. (2006).Chemicals Evaluated for Carcinogenic Potential (April 2006)
  • Hayes W.J. et al. (1991). Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology. Volume 3 Classes of Pesticides. pg.1487
  • Lewis, R. J. (1996). Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 9th edition, Volume 1-3, pg. 2227
  • Budavari, S. The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 1996., p. 85
  • Tomlin, C.D.S. The Pesticide Manual - World Compendium, 11 th ed., British Crop Protection Council, Surrey, England 1997, p. 39
  • Chemical Book. (2010). Amitraz. retrieved from http://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB9680920.htm
  • Chemical Book. (2008). Amitraz Basic Information. Retrieved from http://www.chemicalbook.com/ProductChemicalPropertiesCB9680920_EN.htm
  • Thomas A. Unger, T.A.U. (1996). Pesticide synthesis handbook. New Jersey: Noyes Publications, pp. 836.
  • PubChem Substance. Amitraz – Substance Summary. retrieved from http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=13178
  • PubChem Substance. Amitraz – Substance Summary. Retrieved from http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=13178#x321

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Regulatori rasta insekata
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Ostale hemikalije
Amitraz  Azadirahtin  Hlordimeform  Hlorfenapir  Kiromazin  Fenazakvin  Fenoksikarb  Fipronil  Hidrametilnon  Indoksakarb  Limonen  Metopren  Piridaben  Piriprol  Piriproksifen  Rianodin  Sezameks  Spinosad  Sulfluramid  Tebufenozid  Tebufenpirad  Veracevin  Ksanton
Metaboliti
Okson Malaokson Paraokson TCPy
Biopesticidi
Bacillus thuringiensis  Bakulovirus Beauveria bassiana Beauveria brongniartii Metarhizium acridum Metarhizium anisopliae Lecanicillium lecanii Paecilomyces fumosoroseus Paenibacillus popilliae